对《高层民用建筑设计防火规范》中自然排烟条文规定的理解与分析

The item of natural smoke exhausting in Code for fire protection design of high-rise builldings

《高层民用建筑设计防火规范》(以下简称《高规》)条文说明中,已揭示出了自然排烟方案潜在的"危机"。而《高规》正文(即条文)就是对这些潜在危机加以展开、归纳、演绎提出来应对这些危机的谋略举措。然而执行这些举措后,自然排烟的"危机"是否可以完全消除,火灾时逃生人员的安全是否得以保证?仍无可靠依据可查。通过分别对这些部位自然排烟(包括防烟)机理及风险性分析认为,由于对这些潜在"危机"的隐蔽性及其内涵认知不够,基础研究不多。因此,应对谋略及举措的有效性受限,多数只能起到头痛医头,脚痛医脚的作用,未能从根本上得到解决,有的甚至不但不起作用,反而增加了新的危险。因此潜在的"危机"依然存在。加之我们面对的是强大的自然力量,只能因势力导有限利用,无法抗拒。通过分析,最后得出几点结论。

Code for fire protection design of high-rise buildings has revealed the potential crisis of natural smoke exhansting,and the Code is just the strategy after analyze these potential crisis. But even we carry it out, we can＇t say whether the crisis of natural smoke exhausting could be eliminated and whether the safety of people could be protected.Based on the analysis of mechanism and risky of natural smoke exhausting, this paper suggest as the resultofunperceptibility of the potential crisis and lack of awareness, we don＇t have enough research on it.So the effectiveness of the stategy is limited, most measures can＇t fundamentally solute it, some even increase new risk.The potential crisis exist still.In addition,what we are facing is formidable natural power, we can only make use of it limitedly instead of dispute it.From the analyze,we can reach some conclusion.