福建珍稀濒危与重点保护植物区系研究

Studies on Floristic of the Rare & Endangered Plants and Conservative Plants in Fujian

通过野外考察、查阅文献资料和应用植物区系分析方法对福建珍稀濒危与重点保护植物进行研究,得出以下结论:(1)91种珍稀濒危与重点保护植物隶属于40科、67属,分别占全国珍稀濒危植物总数14.43%和国家重点保护植物总数15.45%。(2)拥有的中国特有银杏科、伯乐树科以及刺桫椤、金毛狗、金钱松、水松、白豆杉、鹅掌楸、乐东拟单性木兰、观光木、半枫荷等比较原始古老的成分,表明起源古老。(3)区系成分以热带分布类型占优势,其中热带分布的科占54.44%,热带分布的属占56.72%,表现出明显的热带、亚热带性质特征。(4)单型属、少型属,占属总数43.29%。其中15个我国种子植物特有属皆为单型属、少型属,51个特有种占种总数56.04%,说明区系中单型属、少型属多,特有成分显著。(5)科、属的分布类型分别占总分布类型的60.00%和73.33%;种的植物区系分布(尤其是中国特有成分)和相似系数分析地理成分复杂多样并与西南、华中、华东、华南联系紧密。

In this paper, field working, literature and data consulting, floristic analysis method have been used to make research on the rare ＆ endangered plants and conservative plants in Fuiian. The conclusions may be drawn as follows： （1） There are 91 species which belong to 40 families and 67 genera, accounting for 14.43% of total rare and endangered plants and 15.45% of national conservative plants respectively in China. （2） The endemic family such as Bretschneideraceae and Ginkgoaceae, and Alsophila spinulosa, Cibotium barometz, Pseudolarix amabilis, Glyptostrobus pensilis, Pseu-dotaxus chienii, Liriodendron chinense, Parakmeria lotungensis, Tsoongiodendron odorum, Semiliquidambar cathayeasis, ete are found in Fujian. The age-old, relict, endemic compositions indicate the age-old origin of flora. （3）Through genera types, it is known that there are 54.44% families and geographical distribution analysis of families and 56.72% genera pertaining to tropical distribution. The results show that the flora is featured with notable tropical and subtropical character. （4） There are 43.29% genera belonging to monotypic genus and fewness type genus, with 15 endemic genera among them. There are 51 endemic species, accounting for 56.04% of corresponding species of Fujian. All of those manifest that there are much monotypic genus and fewness type genus and remarkable endemic compositions in the flora. （5） alyzing distribution type of family, genus and species （especially endemic species） and coefficient of Through ansimilarity, it is revealed that geographical compositions is diversiform and that there is a close relationship between the rare ＆ endangered and conservative flora of Fujian and those of Southwestern China, Central China, East China, South China.