镇江滨江堤岸生态护坡工程设计及植被效应研究

Research on the Design of Ecological Slope Projects and the Effect of Vegetation on Waterfront Levees in Zhenjiang

通过对镇江滨江堤岸不同类型生态混凝土工程实施3年植被的群落调查,利用生物多样等系列指标,评价不同设计方案的植被效应。结果发现,在半球状、格状和仿石状3类生态混凝土中分别栽种虉草、三叶草、黑麦草和高羊茅4种植物,3年后,尽管黑麦草和高羊茅消失,但总体上植被状况良好,且以半球状生态混凝土区域内最好,其中,物种丰度为13,物种多样性指数为2.04,生物量为1023.5 g/m2,盖度为97.8%,因而群落具有较高的稳定性。而未进行植被栽培的生态混凝土区域内,尽管有一些本地物种侵入,但丰度、物种多样性指数和生物量均极低,群落脆弱。因此,在镇江滨江堤岸护坡工程中,选用半球状生态混凝土并栽培和三叶草的方案最佳之一。

Eco-slope protection is a new-type engineering technology different from traditional slope protection. Besides traditional functions of levees, it lays more emphasis on the environmental functions of engineering. So it is used more widely in some economically developed areas,. In this paper, by investigating vegetation communities in different types of eco-concrete areas, and using a series of biological diversity indices to evaluate the vegetation effects of different design areas. The results show that Phalaris arundinacea, Oxalis rubra, Lolium perenn and Festuca arundinacea are all planted in the hemisphere-shaped, grid-shaped and stone-shaped concrete respectively. Three years later, despite Lolium perenn and Festuca arundinacea disappeared, on the whole, the conditions of vegetation were better, while the vegetation in the hemisphere-shaped eco-concrete was best with 13 as its richness, 2.04 as diversity indices of species, 1 023.5 g/m^2 of biomass （dry）, 97. 8% of coverage, which indicated the higher stability of this community. In other coo-concrete areas with no plants cultivation, despite some local invasive species, the abundance of species and biological diversity were very low, showed vulnerable communities. Therefore, for Zhenjiang waterfront levee slope protection projects, selected Phalaris arundinacea and Oxalis rubra and planted in hemisphere-shaped eeo-eoncrete are one of the best schemes.