含油污泥中不同族组分的脱附特性研究

Study on the desorption characteristics of different group components in the oil sludge

针对含油污泥的热水脱附处理方法,在优化脱附工艺条件下,研究不同单组分脱附剂对含油污泥中各族组分的脱附特性,并据此复配脱附剂,研究各复配脱附剂对含油污泥中不同族组分的脱附特性。结果表明,聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂对含油污泥的脱附效率优于多元醇型非离子表面活性剂;各脱附剂对饱和烃、芳烃的脱附效率高于对胶质沥青质的脱附效率;带脂肪链的脱附剂对饱和烃的脱附效率较高,带苯环的脱附剂对芳烃的脱附效率较高;脱附剂亲油基与族组分的亲和性越强,脱附剂对该族组分的脱附效率越高。研究表明,根据各单组分脱附剂对不同族组分的脱附特性复配高效脱附剂的方法可行,复配脱附剂NP-8.5&AEO-8.5对含油污泥的脱附效率可达89.40%。

The present article is dedicated to the study of the desorption characteristics of components of various groups in the oil sludge under the effect of the single desorption agent. For this purpose, the paper is focused on the study of oil sludge treatment sampled from Daqing Oilfield with hot-water desorption processing by using surfactants in some other washing treatments as key additives. Then, it has also studied the agents further compounded by using the efficient ones in hoping to find the desorption characteristics of the compound agents to various components. The results of our study show that, such nonionic surfactants have indeed had higher desorbing efficiency than those of polyol-type surfactants. Furthermore, it was also found that in the form of saturated compounds and aromatics all the desorbing agents may have higher desorbing efficiency than those to gums and asphaltenes. While agents in the state of aliphatie chains tend to show higher desorption efficiency to saturated compounds, agents in the state of benzene ring prefer to exhibit excellent desorption efficiency to aromatics. Moreover, such efficiency of desorption agents to various compounds proves closely related with their compatibility between the lipophilic group of the agent and different group components. The more compatible the lipophilic group of the agent is with a certain group component, the higher its desorption efficiency to it will be. It is thus feasible for researchers to compound efficient desorption agents based on their desorption characteristics to different-type components of the oil. In addition, the results of our research also show that AEO- 8.5 is an agent with nice compatibility, so that it could be compounded with other agents to gain efficient compounded compounds for hot-water desorption process. And under the optimized conditions, the desorption efficiency of agent NP - 8.5 ＆ AEO - 8.5 can be expected to reach 89.40%.