突发性环境污染事故防范与应急研究进展及体系构建

On the research progress and system construction for preventing unexpected environment-polluted accidents as well as emergency response

从事故风险源风险因子释放、风险因子转运、受体暴露与受损3个方面分析突发性环境污染事故的防范对策。结果表明,我国应重点加强事故风险源的识别和监控,在事故应急响应系统、应急处理技术、医学应急技术和措施、应急技术规范等方面结合实际开展系统的理论和技术研究。本文提出了突发性环境污染事故防范与应急体系构建框架,为有效控制环境污染事故和作出应急决策提供了依据。

This article intends to present its authors＇ analysis and solution to the system construction for preventing unexpected environment-polluted accidents as well as emergency response. As China has entered into a stage of frequent occurrence of environmental pollution accidents, it has to face the serious challenges to prevent and exert emergency response to the unexpected disasters to its economy, society and environment. Analyzing the general trend, it has to be pointed out that it is high time to realize and strengthen the monitoring work over the risk sources. Reviewing the situation and developmental trend in this way since 1970s, we suggest immediate and systematic study over the emergency response system, emergency response technology, and the medical technology for emergency responses and the related technical guidelines. For this purpose, we have put forward an emergency prevention and response system framework, which is surely to contribute to the prevention of the unexpected environmental pollution accidents and to enhance the corresponding strategies and the related measures.