从俄国形式主义看诗歌语言的“文学性”

The literariness of poetic language from the perspective of Russian formalism

以罗曼.雅克布森和维克多.施克洛夫斯基为首的俄国形式主义是二十世纪初最有影响力的文论流派之一。受到索绪尔语言学新观点的影响,形式主义者从语言学的角度提出了文学研究的本质是"文学性":通过对语言等"材料"和运作方式"陌生化"的技巧而实现的"文学性"。试图通过对雅克布森和施克洛夫斯基语言观点和语言在文学,尤其在诗歌中的运作来分析俄国形式主义诗歌语言的"文学性"。

Influenced by Saussure＇s new linguistic ideas, Russian formalism represented by Jakobson and Shklovsky puts forward that literary study, especially poetic study should focus on the ＂literariness＂, which is accomplished through artistic devices and defamiliarization of the common language. Based on Jakobson＇s and Shklovsky＇s ideas, this essay attempts to analyze how language works in poetry-composing and how ＂literariness＂ matters.