人肺结核干酪样坏死病理改变中CD4和CD8分子的表达

Study on the expression of CD4 and CD8 in human pulmonary tuberculosis granuloma

目的应用免疫组织化学方法检测CD4^+、CD8^+T细胞在人体肺结核干酪样坏死病理组织中的增值情况及分布特点,探讨结核病理发生机制,为新型结核疫苗研究提供基础。方法应用免疫组织化学两步法检测12例肺结核干酪样坏死组织石蜡切片中CD4、CD8分子的表达,分析阳性细胞分布特征。结果结核病灶周围CD4^+和CD8^+T细胞增值明显,CD4^+T淋巴细胞数目高于CD8^+T细胞;它们主要以两种方式浸润存在于结核病灶:在干酪样坏死组织周围浸润存在,包围甚至分割坏死组织;在干酪样坏死组织外周形成类似于淋巴小节的结构。结论CD4^+T和CD8+T淋巴细胞在抗结核免疫病理反应中具有重要的作用,因此新型抗结核疫苗应该具有能激活CD4^+和CD8^+T细胞的功能。

Objective To characterize t he distribution;of CD4 and CD8 T cells in human pulmonary tuberculosis granuloma with caseous necrosis center in order to provide basis for developing novel vaccines. Methods Twelve surgical specimens of pulmonary tuberculosis were detected by immunohistocbemical staining for the expression of CD4 and CD8 with polymer detection system. The positive cens counts were analyzed for their distribution character. Results CD4 and CD8 positive cells proliferated around the granuloma, in which the CD4^＋ T cells are more abundant than the CD8^＋ T cells; besides surrounding caseous necrosis, or even inserting and separating necrosis tissue, CD4^＋ T cells as well as CD8^＋ T cells were found in abundance in the peripheral leukocyte infiltration, forming lymphoid follicles. Conclusion CD4 and CD8 positive cells played an important role in the protection against tuberculosis, which suggests that novel TB vaccines should activate CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ T lymphocytes effectively.