Preventive effect of artemether in rabbits infected with Schistosoma japonicum cercariae

目的：观察蒿甲醚（Ａｒｔ）ｉｍ及其适宜给药方案预防血吸虫感染的效果．方法：兔感染日本血吸虫尾蚴后ｄ７－１５ｉｍ或ｉｇＡｒｔ观察几种给药方案的预防作用．结果：感染兔每周ｉｍＡｒｔ７５ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１１次，共３次，减♀虫率仅４２％．兔感染后ｄ７－１５ｉｇＡｒｔ１０－２０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１，然后每７－１４ｄ给药１次，共２次，减♀虫率均在９１％以上；或ｉｇ１剂Ａｒｔ，继而每间隔７－１４ｄｉｇ１次，共３次，减♀虫率＞９４％；重复感染兔自首次感染后ｄ８每ｗｋｉｇＡｒｔ１次，共３次，或自首次感染后ｄ１４，每ｗｋｉｇＡｒｔ１次，共２次的减♀虫率为９５％－９７％．结论：本文所述几种给药方案对预防兔感染血吸虫尾蚴均有效果．

AIM: To study the effect of artemether (Art) for prevention of schistosomal infection. METHODS: Rabbits with single infection or reinfection with Schistosoma japonicum cercariae were treated intramuscularly (im) or intragastrically (ig) with Art 5-20 mg·kg -1 on d 7-15 after the first infection, followed by various regimens. RESULTS: When rabbits were injected im Art 7 5 mg·kg -1 (ie, one half of the effective dose given ig on d 7) followed by once every week for twice, the ♀ worm reduction rate was only 42 %. In infected rabbits treated ig with Art 10-20 mg·kg -1 given in the same administration schedule, the ♀ worm reduction rates were >91 %. When Art 15 mg·kg -1 was given to rabbits on d 7-14 and the following dose of the drug was given at intervals of 7-14 d, the ♀ worm reduction rates were >94 %. In rabbits reinfected with cercariae, the ♀ reduction rate of Art given ig once a week for 3 times since d 8 after the first infection was 96 % which was similar to that given once a week twice since d 14 after the first infection. CONCLUSION: Art should be given ig on d 7-15 after infection, followed by repeated dosing once every 7-15 d for a total of 3 doses. Art given ig daily for 2 consecutive days or given at 1 wk intervals since 7-15 d after infection also showed preventive effect.