中西翻译标准:从传统到现代的演变

Translation Criteria in the West and in China:A Developing Process from Tradition to Modernity

本文概述了中西方翻译领域近代以来关于翻译标准的主要流派及观点,回顾了中西方翻译标准从传统到现代的演变历程。在此基础上作者进一步分析了中西方翻译标准的趋同性,即西方译者重"对等"或"等效",中国译者重"信",究其本质都是如何最大限度地忠实于原文或原作者。最后指出了中西翻译标准从经验到科学,从规范到描写,从一般到特别、从笼统到具体的发展特点和中西翻译标准伴随翻译理论由一元向多元发展并逐步借鉴融合的趋势。

This paper reviews the developing process of the translation criteria from tradition to mo - dernity by giving a brief summary of the major schools and viewpoints about translation cri-teria in the Western and Chinese translation field since the modern times. On this basis the author then ana - lyses the similar tendency of the translation criteria both in the West and in China; namely, the west - ern translators emphasizes ＂corresponding equality＂ or ＂equal effect＂ while the Chinese translators at- tach more importance to ＂credibility＂, both in essence trying to be faithful to the original or to the author to the greatest extent. Finally the author points out the characteristics of development of translation criteria in the West and in China from being empirical to scientific, prescription to description, and from being general to specific; as well as their developing tendency toward pluralism from monism and a gradual unity with the development of the translation theories.