闽南黄牛体尺体重主成分分析及肉用性能研究

The Principal Component Analysis of Minnan Yellow Cattle's Body Measurement Trait and Meat Performancg

选择发育正常、健康无病的124头成年闽南黄牛进行体尺体重测定，采用主成分分析及因子分析的方法对闽南黄牛的主要体尺体重性状指标进行多元分析，选取前3个特征根较大的主成分，使其累计贡献率达90％以上，进行主成分分析，并对6头22～24月龄的闽南牛进行屠宰测定。结果表明：闽南牛体高、体斜长、胸围、管围、体重、十字部高分别为113．06±7．29cm、129．01±11．01cm、152．22±9．75cm、17．17±1．54cm、265．67±50．89kg；主成分分析可知各性状间除了管围外，其它指标存在不同程度的相关，各主成分的特征根分布很广。第1主成分与第2主成分的贡献率最大，经统计计算入选的2个主成分所占信息的侧重各不相同，一个是体高因子，一个是胸围因子；它们分别在一定程度上反映了闽南黄牛的体型特征及今后选育的方向和重点。6头闽南黄牛公母牛的胴体重、屠宰率、净肉率、腰部肌肉厚、大腿肌肉厚分别为145．1kg、56．17％、43．38％、7．16cm、17．51cm和131．9kg、51．25％、40．07％、3．11cm、16．34cm。

Multivariate factor analysis and principal component analysis were used to decompose the correlation matrix of body measurement trait of 124 Minnan Yellow Cattle. Ten indexes of Minnan Yellow Cattle body measurement trait are studied by the principal component analysis. Three principal components whose contributing rate accumulates up to 90% were choose to analyze. Six Minnan cattle with the age of 22-24 months were used for detecting meat performance. The results showed as follow： the withers height, lean body length, chest girth, circumference of cannon bone, body weight of Minnan cattle were 113.06±7.29cm、129.01±11.01cm、152.22±9.75cm、17.17±1.54cm、265.67±50.89kg, 111.57±6.91 cm respectively. Two common latent factors related to level of production in early lactation and lactation persistency, and 2 principal components associated with the whole lactation yield and persistency were obtained. Factor and principal component scores were treated as new quantitative phenotypes related to prominent features of lactation curve shape, which were used to get knowledge about the body type of Minnan Yellow cattle and offer information to the breeding of Minnan Yellow cattle in future. The carcass weight ,slaughter rate,meat to carcass ratio,thickness of loin meat, thickness of thigh meat of bull and cow of Minnan cattle were 145.1kg、56.17%、43.38%、7.16cm、17.51cm and 131.9kg、51.25%、40.07%、3.11cm、16.34cm , respectively.