长江水系中5种野生鱼类肌肉脂肪酸的研究

Fatty acid composition of muscles in several wild fishes in the Yangtze River

对长江水系中铜鱼Coreius heterodon、圆口铜鱼Coreius gulchenoti、长薄鳅Leptobotia elongata、长鳍吻[鱼句]Rhinogobio ventralis和圆筒吻[鱼句]Rhinogobio cylindricus肌肉中的脂肪酸组成与含量进行了分析。结果表明：5种鱼类肌肉中均含有C14：0、C16：0、C18：0 3种饱和脂肪酸，占脂肪酸总量的23．90％-56．10％；5种鱼类单不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的20．60％～58．93％，其中圆口铜鱼、长薄鳅和长鳍吻[鱼句]含有C16：1、C18：1、C20：1、C22：1，4种单不饱和脂肪酸，而铜鱼和圆筒吻[鱼句]含有C16：1、C18：1、C20：1 3种单不饱和脂肪酸；5种鱼类肌肉中均含有C18：2ω6、C18：3ω3、C20：4ω6、C20：5ω3、C22：5ω3、C22：6ω3 6种多不饱和脂肪酸，占脂肪酸总量的14．22％-27．25％。圆筒吻[鱼句]C20：5W3（EPA）含量为14．80％，远高于其它几种鱼类；长鳍吻觞[鱼句]C22：6ω3（DHA）含量最高，为5．10％。

The fatty acid composition of muscles in several wild fishes （ Coreius heterodon, Coreius guichenoti, Leptobotia elongata, Rhinogobio ventralis, Rhinogobio cylindricus） in the Yangtze River was analyzed. The results showed that saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids represent 23.90% -56.10%, 20.60% - 58.93% and 14.22% -27.25% of the total fatty acids, respectively. In the fatty acids, the saturated fatty acids （SFA） were comprised of C14：0, C16：0 and C18：0; the polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFA） included C18：2ω6, C18：3ω3, C20：4ω6, C20：5ω3, C22：5ω3 and C22：6ω3. For C. guichenoti, L. elongata and R. ventralis, the monounsaturated fatty acids （MUFA）consisted of C16：1, C18：1, C20：1 and C20：1; for other two species, however, the MUFA included C16：1, C18：1 and C20：1. There was more eicosapentaenoic acid （EPA, 14.80% ） in R. cylindricus muscle than that in other four species with the maximal docosahexaenoic acid （ DHA,5.10% ） in R. ventralis muscle in all fish species.