不同临床科室护士工作压力源分析

Job stressors of nurses in different clinic departments

目的调查临床护士的工作压力来源,并比较各科室护士压力程度,为护理管理措施提供科学依据。方法采用中国护士工作压力源量表,调查351名注册护士的工作压力来源,采用描述法列出护士压力的主要来源、T检验法比较不同科室间护士的压力差异、Pearson相关分析法探讨护士压力与护士一般资料间的相关关系。结果护士压力的最主要来源为时间分配及工作量问题,压力源得分为(2.57±0.60)分,压力总分与护士的年龄、工作年限、职称呈显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数分别为0.191,0.227和0.277。急诊和儿科护士的压力明显高于内、外科;合同护士和正式护士的工作压力差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论适当增加护士的人力配置,改善护士的工作条件,加强护士培训力度,尤其是急诊和儿科,能缓解护士的压力,提高护士工作积极性。

Objective To investigate job stressors of clinic nurses, and compare the stress in different clinic departments for nurse management. Methods We investigated the stressors of 351 registered nurses using Chinese Nursing Job Stressors Scale,presented the main origins in descriptive form. The difference in stressors between nurses from different departments was assessed by T test,and the correlation between job stressors and general data of the nurses was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results The main stressor of nurses was from time assignment and work load. The total score of stress was significantly positively correlated with age,employment time and job title of the nurses（P 〈0. 01 ）. The stress was heavier in nurses from emergency and pediatrics than those from medicine and surgery department. There was no significant difference in job stress between formal employees and non-formal employees（P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion The increase of nurses and improvement of working conditions may relieve job stress of nurses.