晚期中世纪大学及其变迁

The Late Medieval Universities and Its Evolution

以14世纪末基督教"大分裂"为标志,中世纪大学进入了晚期发展阶段。在"大分裂"以及15世纪人文主义向大学渗透等因素的影响下,晚期中世纪大学发生了渐进性的变化,如大学自有建筑的出现、国际色彩的淡化和区域性的加强、教会对大学控制程度的削弱和世俗力量对大学干预程度的提高,同时大学内部组织形式和课程内容等也出现了较为明显的变化。上述诸多变化成为中世纪大学向近代大学过渡的前奏。

The medieval universities entered into the late stage after the Great Schism in the end of 14th century. Under the influences of the Great Schism and Humanism in the 15th century, there were some gradual changes in the late medieval universities, such as the emergence of the university-owned building, the fading of the internationalization and the increasing of the localization, the weakening of the church＇s control of the universities and ＇the more intervention from secular power; meanwhile, there were also significant changes in the inner organizational form and curriculum content in universities. Such changes became the prelude of the transition from the medieval universities to the modern universities.