从和谐的角度看全球不同女性及性别文化

Different Women in the World and Gender Culture in the Perspective of Harmony

在人类学研究领域中,当"女性"分析范畴尚属一片空白之时,"男性"却在民族志研究的中心舞台上拥有了一席之地,研究者丝毫没有顾及到潜在的文化元素,不论是内在的还是外在的(即内部构成上的或外部结构上的),"男性化主义"都被当成了社会的人造产物,而未被看作是生物自然力量的结果。以往的许多研究对更早前该学科过分男性化(或者只考虑男性)的趋势采取了一种应对和纠正的态度,认为其缺乏对女性真正的关注。在近30年里,许多形式的人类学调查、分析以及理论构建都非常认真地关注着女性(指妇女和女童)的生活经历、社会地位、机构设置、身份认同等,它们发展迅速,在理论与文化层面变得越来越丰富多样。

When ＂ female＂ remained untouched, ＂male＂ occupied a central place in ethnological studies. The researchers then did not notice the hidden cultural elements, either internal or external, and ＂masculineness＂ was regarded as a man - made product in a society rather than an outcome of bio - natural force. Some early researches focused on the male population and showed no real concern for the female population, which some scholars believed should be redressed. However, in the past thirty years, many anthropological investigations, analyses and theoretical construction have showed real concern for the life, social positions, oeeupations and identities of women, which has produced rich fruits at both the theoretical and cultural levels.