455例女大学生月经经前紧张综合征的分析

Analysis on Premenstrual Tension of 455 College Female Students

目的了解女大学生经前期紧张综合征的影响因素,确立健康教育的重点。方法选择某大学1～3年级不同专业的体检女生460人进行问卷调查。调查内容为经前期症状及行经期间的一般症状。结果调查问卷460份问卷,有效455份,有效率为98.9%。61%以上的女大学生有不同程度的经前期紧张综合征症状出现。女大学生月经周期发生改变和经前期紧张综合征加重,大多与情绪波动、环境变化、生活习惯改变、经期体育活动、学习紧张等因素有关,52%的女大学生对月经周期的改变及经前期紧张综合征加重有思想顾虑。结论痛经及经前期紧张综合征发生率较高;影响女生正常月经调节因素的顺位依次为环境因素、生物因素、气质特征及负性生活事件;不同专业、考试的心理压力以及体育运动对正常月经也有一定的影响。大学生的性健康教育是预防、治疗月经失调及经前期紧张综合征的有效处方。

Objective To learn about the causes of premenstrnal tension in college female students and set the focus on health education. Methods To survey by questionnaire 460 female students who have had physical examination and who are in different specialties from first-year to third-year girl students in a certain university. The general symptoms of premenstrnal and menstrual periods were collected. Results Four hundred and fifty-five questionnaires were valid among the 460, the validity rate was 98.9%. The findings showed that over 61% college girls have suffered from premenstrual tension in a certain extent. The major causes of the change of menstrual period and premenstrnal tension were mainly associated with emotional instability, environmental change, the change of living habit, the physical activities during menstrual period, stresses and strains from studies, and so on. 52% students are worried about the change of menstrual period and the worsening premenstrual tension. Conclusion The education of healthy sexual psychology of college girls is the most effective way to prevent and treat menstrual disorder and premenstrual tension. The incidence of menalgia and premenstrual syndrome are quite high. The orders of factors that influence the normal menstrual adjustment are environment, biology, the temperament features and negative life events. Different specialties, psychological stress from examinations and sports also influence the normal menses to a certain extent.