内蒙古东部地区小叶杨物候变化与气象条件的关系

Phenological changes of populus simonii and its relationship with meteorological conditions in the Eastern Inner Mongolia

利用数理统计方法对近20—30 a内蒙古东部主要牧业试验站的气候变化及小叶杨的物候变化进行探讨,研究小叶杨的物候变化与气象条件的关系。结果表明:近20—30 a来大于等于0℃的初日提早,终日推后,积温显著增加。上半年物候现象(花芽开放期、展叶始期、展叶盛期和开花始期)提前;下半年物候现象(叶全变色期、落叶末期)及开花盛期均推迟。小叶杨自然物候现象存在着明显的地域性差异。小叶杨上半年的物候期与气温呈显著负相关,而下半年的物候期与气温呈显著正相关;物候期变化对温度的响应较强,其关系有可能是非线性的。日照和降水对物候期变化的影响,由于其地理位置和生育时段的不同而呈现各不相同的关系。小叶杨物候期变化对降水和日照的响应不明显。

The climate changes during recent 20 to 30 years in main animal husbandry stations of Eastern Inner Mongolia and the phenological changes of populus sirnonii were discussed by the mathematical statistics method. The relationships between the phenological changes of populus sirnonii and the meteorological conditions were analyzed. The results indicate that the first day （30 ℃ ） is ahead, and the last day （30 ℃ ） is lagged. The accumulated temperature （30 ℃ ） increases obviously. Flower buds opening phase, leave unfolding primary and prevailing phases, and blossoming primary phase in the first half year are ahead, while leave coloring phase, leave falling ending phase and blossoming prevailing phase are put off. Natural phenology of populus sirnonii is different in different regions of Eastern Inner Mongolia. The phenological phase of populus sirnonii in the first half year has a negative correlation with air temperature, while that in the second half year has a positive correlation with air temperature. Phenological phase changes of populus sirnonii are of strong response to air temperature change, and their relationships may be nonlinear. The effects of sunshine and precipitation on phenology phase changes are different because of the difference of the geographical location and the growing phases. Phenological phase changes of populus simonii have not obvious response to precipitation and sunshine.