地方政府公共决策中短期行为的成因分析

The Reasons Leading to Short-sighted Behavior of Local Government in the Public Policy-Making Process

地方政府公共决策中的短期行为是一种错综复杂的行政现象,它产生和形成的原因是多方面的。本文将地方政府在公共决策中造成的短期行为划分为两大类:主观无意造成的短期行为和主观有意造成的短期行为。主观无意短期行为形成的原因主要有两种:(1)决策问题的关键信息缺失;(2)决策主体认知能力不足。主观有意短期行为的形成主要由内在因素和外在因素两种因素所导致。内在因素包括地方政府官员谋取自身利益倾向和多重责任义务冲突中的不恰当选择倾向;外在因素是指地方政府官员所处的会对自身决策产生重要影响的环境因素,主要包括制度缺陷和不良社会历史文化氛围。主观有意短期行为的现实发生是地方政府官员内在因素与外在环境因素相互作用的最终结果。

The short-sighted behavior of local government in the public policy -making process is a kind of tangled administrative phenomena. There are many reasons leading to its formation. The author divides the short-sighted behavior of local government in the public policy-making process into two categories： involuntary behavior and intentional behavior. Involuntary behavior is caused by two kind of reasons： （1）lacking of key information for decision-making; （2） insufficiency of the decision-maker＇s cognitive ability. Intentional behavior is caused by internal and external factors. Internal factors include： the tendency of local government officials pursuing advantage for themselves; the tendency of government officials making inappropriate choice when they has multi-responsibilities and duties. Exter- nal factors refer to the circumstances government officials are in which may have important influence on their decision-making process. These external factors mainly include： limitation in the political system and the badness of social cultural circumstances. In reality, in- tentional behavior is the result of the interaction between internal and external factors.