国内植物环境胁迫研究应注意的几个基本问题

Some basic issues in plant environmental stress research in China

根据作者多年从事植物逆境研究和教学的经验以及在近几年接触到的国内有关研究工作中发现的问题,为了提高今后研究工作的基础水平和学术期刊稿件的科学水平,特提出几个植物逆境研究中常见到的缺憾和对概念理解上的偏差予以讨论和澄清。问题包括:环境胁迫的定义和定量,植物对环境胁迫的"直接感受",抗逆性和敏感性,耐逆性和避逆性,适应、驯化和锻炼,环境胁迫的剂量-效应关系,伤害和死亡的判定,植物细胞膜的透性和植物自由基清除系统对环境胁迫的反应。

Based on the long term experiences of the authors＇ research and teaching in the field of plant environmental stress as well as the current situations of related researches in China, some relevant basic issues were discussed in this paper. These issues include the definition and quanti-fication of environmental stress, the ＇ direct sensing＇ of plants to environmental stress, the resistance and sensitivity, tolerance and avoidance, adaptation, acclimation, and hardening of plants, the dosage-effect relationship of the stress, the diagnosis of plant injury and death, and the responses of plant cell membrane permeability and free radical-scavenging system to environmental stress. A better understanding on these issues would help to the researchers, especially young ones, to improve their experimental design and paper writing.