基于遗传算法的改进二级电压控制的研究

Study on Improved Secondary Voltage Control Based on Genetic Algorithm

电压分级控制是协调电力系统电压控制的有效手段和方法,二级电压控制策略又是电压分级控制的关键环节。针对二级电压控制设备既有连续调节设备又有离散调节设备的特点,首先采用了改进的二级电压控制优化模型,用遗传算法对模型进行了求解,得到了与其它策略一样的控制效果。但这些仿真结果表明,在调节过程中存在电压"跳跃"现象和调节时间过长问题。针对这两个问题,该文提出了:(1)用发电机励磁与有载调压变压器匹配调节的方法,成功解决了"跳跃"现象。(2)采用先发电机(无功电源)协调控制方案后多控制设备(增加有载调压变压器等)协调控制方案的措施,解决了调节时间过长的问题。最后以新英格兰39节点系统为例进行了仿真校验,结果表明,该控制方案能够兼顾连续和离散的控制设备,具有令人满意的的控制效果;同时也证明了所提出的两个问题的解决方案的可行性。

Voltage Hierarchical Control is an efficient way to coordinate the voltage control in the power system, and the control strategy of the Secondary Voltage Control is the critical part of the Voltage Hierarchical Control. Because the control devices of the secondary voltage control including devices of continuous regulation and discrete regulation, the improved optimization model for Secondary Voltage Control is adopted and calculated by genetic algorithm. The control effect is same as others control measurements But the simulation result indicates that there are problems in this model, such as ＂voltage jump＂ and longer regulate time. In this paper, measures are put forward to resolve these questions： （1） Matching generator excitation and OLTC can resolve ＂voltage jump＂ successfully; （2） Adopting the measurement of generator （reactive power supply） control first and control equipment coordinate control secondly can resolve the question of longer regulate time. At last, the proposed method is applied to the New England 39 nodes system. It is shown that this method can achieve satisfactory controlling effort involved both constant and discrete controllers at the same time; and the feasibility of the resolve measurements of the two questions is proved.