杆菌属蛋白酶基因的结构及其应用

The Structure of Protease Genes from Bacillus and Their Potential Application

本文介绍了杆菌属中蛋白酶基因的结构及其在工业、科学研究中的广泛应用。杆菌属中的蛋白酶基因具有典型的“ｐｒｅ┐ｐｒｏ┐成熟酶前体”编码特征。其中ｐｒｅ┐序列编码信号肽，ｐｒｏ┐序列编码一段为蛋白酶形成具有生物活性的合适构象所需的肽链。ｐｒｅ┐与ｐｒｏ┐序列都在蛋白酶前体从细胞中分泌出来后被切去。具有相同性质的蛋白酶即使来源于不同菌种，在基因结构上仍具有很高的同源性；而性质不同的蛋白酶，即使来自同一菌种，它们在氨基酸组成，在ｐｒｅ┐、ｐｒｏ┐序列上都存在着很大差异。克隆的蛋白酶基因可用以构建具有蛋白酶高表达活性的基因工程菌，也可被用来研究蛋白酶的结构与性能的相互关系，还可被用于构建具有特殊功能的克隆载体。

This paper presents the structure of protease genes from Bacillus and their application in industry and scientific research. The protease genes show a typical pre pro Mature precursor structure. The pre sequence codes the signal peptide and pro sequence codes a special peptide which is needed for protease to fold into a proper conformation with biological activity. Both the pre and pro sequence are removed when the precursor is secreted out from cells. The proteases with a similar property show a high homologous in gene structure, even they are synthesized by different strains. But for different proteases, even from the same strain, they present a significant difference in the amino acids constitute and sequence in pre pro mature enzyme structure. The cloned protease genes could be used for construction of the genetic engineering strain with a high protease activity or having a typical application. They can also be used in study of the relationship between the gene structure and protease function, and in the construction of special vectors used in genetic engineering.