同伴配对对儿童性别角色行为的影响——对双性化教育途径的一种探讨

On the Influence of Peer Match upon Children’s Sex Role Behavior: An Exploration into Androgyny Education

双性化人格在近年来的性别角色研究中被认为是一种理想的性别角色模式，它能使个体更好地适应变化中的环境要求，并发掘自身潜能。因此，从心理学、教育学等角度探讨双性化教育的多种途径是十分必要的，并且已经受到众多学者和教育专家的广泛关注。本研究将中班儿童分别与同性和异性同伴配对，考察儿童与性别角色行为相关的玩具偏好。结果发现：（1）异性同伴强化了儿童的反性别角色行为，弱化了儿童的性别角色行为。（2）相较于男孩，女孩的性别角色行为更具刻板性。因此，研究者认为利用不同性别类型的玩具及让儿童游戏时与异性同伴配对，可以成为培养儿童双性化人格的一种途径。

Androgyny personality has been widely recognized as an ideal gender model, since it helps individuals adapt to the requirements in the context and explore their potentials. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the approaches of androgyny education from the aspect of psychology and education and it is drawing wide concern from scholars and experts. In this research, middle class children are paired with either a peer of the same sex or the opposite to observe children＇s toy preference related with sex role behavior. Results show that opposite-sex peer enhances the anti-sex-role behavior but weakens the sex-role behavior; compared with boys, girls＇ sex-role behavior is more stereotyped. Therefore, the researchers believe that different sex- type toys and opposite-sex peer in play should be one of the approaches to foster children＇ s androgyny personality.