精神分裂症患者家庭功能与家庭负担状况的研究

The family functions and family burden in schizophrenia patients

目的探讨精神分裂症患者的家庭功能、家庭负担状况以及两者之间的相关性。方法采用家庭关怀度指数问卷（APGAR）和家庭负担量表（FBS），对134例精神分裂症患者的家庭功能和家庭负担进行评定，并选择正常家庭的126名家庭成员进行对照比较。结果精神分裂症患者家庭成员的AP-GAR总分及5个因子分均高于对照组，差异具有显著性（P〈0．01）；家庭功能严重障碍发生率（41．79％）也高于对照组（5．56％），差异具有显著性（P〈0．01）。精神分裂症患者的FBS的6个因子中，除家庭成员躯体健康因子外，其余5个因子分及阳性回答率均高于对照组，差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）。家庭功能总分与家庭负担总分及家庭关系、家庭成员躯体健康、家庭成员心理健康3个因子分呈显著负相关。结论精神分裂症对家庭功能产生多方面的影响，导致家庭负担的增加，护理人员应准确掌握患者及家属的生理、心理、社会等方面的资料，实施完善的整体护理。

Objective To explore the family function, the family burden and the assoeiativity between the family function and the family burden in schizophrenia patients. Methods 134 schizophrenic patients and 126 common family members were evaluated with Family APGAR Index （APGAR） and Family Burden Scale of Discase （FBS） . Results In schizophrenic patients, the total score APGAR and five factors score were higher than that of common family members, the difference had statistical significance （ P 〈 0. 01 ） . There were 56 （41.79%） major family functions disorder in schizophrenic patients and there were 7 （5.56%） major family functions disorder in common family members, the difference had statistical significance （P 〈 0. 01 ） . Except for the physical health of their family member factor, other five factors score and positive rate of schizophrenic patients were higher than that of common family members, the difference had statistical significance （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . A negative correlation was found between family function and total score of family burden, family relationship, physical health and mental health of family members in schizophrenic patients （P 〈 0. 05） . Conclusion Schizophrenia influence family functions in many ways, leading to increased family burden. Nurses should know the data of patients and their family members in physical, mental and social, in order to improve holistic nursing.