后发优势与渝东北地区经济发展分析

The Analysis of Advantage of Backwardness and the Economic Development in Northeast Chongqing

后发优势的实质是后发国家或后发地区在实现工业化和现代化过程中,具有在技术、制度、发展经验等方面向发达国家或发达地区学习的广阔空间和强烈的学习动力。渝东北地区地处三峡库区腹地,目前仍然是西部相对落后的地区,其经济发展水平与发达地区相比还存在着巨大差距,但也表明渝东北地区拥有巨大的后发优势。在分析现实经济基础(人均GDP低、城镇职工工资水平低、农民收入水平低、产业结构不合理、交通基础设施薄弱)之上,提出了使渝东北地区潜在的后发优势转变为现实的经济优势,实现经济跨越式发展的战略建议:各区县政府应提升调控能力,统筹区域经济发展;敦促企业学习,提高自主创新能力;构建区域合理产业分工体系;加强基础设施建设,改善落后地区经济发展条件。

The essence of the advantage of backwardness is that developing countries or districts have a vast space and strong driving force to learn the technology, systems and successful experience from the developed countries or districts when they carry out their own industrialization and modernization. The eleven counties in northeast Chongqing locate in the hinterland of Three Gorges reservoir area where difficult is to communicate with the outside world because of the terrible transportation caused by mountains and rivers. They have no advanced technology, fast traffic and sound management systems, so they are still relatively backward comparing with the developed areas despite the rapid development in recent years. But these don＇ t show that they will not achieve great progress, instead, they have a great advantage in backwardness that encourages them to learn from the developed areas and have the potential to catch up with them. In order to make this potential advantage to real economic advantage and get great-leap-forward development, this article analyzes the realities of economic development of the eleven counties on the basis of a large amount of data from the yearbook of Chongqing published by China Bureau of Statistics. Then it puts forward some suggestions as follows： the governments of the counties should enhance the management capacity and cooperate with each other to improve the regional economic development together; the enterprises should improve the capability of independent innovation during their study; in the meantime, the counties should construct reasonable industrial division of labor system under the direction of municipal government of Chongqing and improve the infrastructure construction to make the conditions of economic development better.