与鼻内窥镜术有关的鼻腔外侧壁的应用解剖

APPLIED ANATOMY OF THE LATERAL NASAL WALL RELATING TO ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY

①目的探讨与鼻内窥镜术有关的鼻腔外侧壁结构及其毗邻关系，为临床积累资料。②方法观察了３０个尸头和７５侧干燥颅骨标本上鼻腔外侧壁结构，测量自前鼻棘至有关结构的长度和矢状角。观测了钩突、筛泡和筛漏斗等结构的形态与数据。③结果自前鼻棘至中鼻甲前端长为３６．１±３．４ｍｍ，矢状角为６９．８°±７．９°；至中鼻甲后端长为５１．２±５．２ｍｍ，矢状角为１９．８°±４．１°；至上颌窦口的长为３３．８±４．５ｍｍ，矢状角为３４．２°±３．７°；至额窦口的长为４２．９±８．２ｍｍ，矢状角为７０．４°±４．４°；至前筛窦口的长为４４．１±７．８ｍｍ，矢状角为６８．３°±６．２°．④结论本文的观测结果对上颌窦、筛窦等鼻腔外侧壁鼻内窥镜术有重要的指导作用。

Objective The structures and their relationships of the lateral nasal wall were discussed for clinical application in endoscopic surgery. Methods The structures of the lateral nasal wall were observed on 30 cadaver head specimens and 75 dry half skulls. The distance and the angle from anterior nasal spine to some srtuctures were measured. Results The distance and the angle of inclination from anterior nasal spine to the anterior of the middle concha were 36.1±3.4mm and 69.8°±7.9°, to the posterior of the middle concha were 51.2±5.2mm and 19.8°±4.1°, to the opening of maxillary sinus were 33.8±4.5mm and 34.2° ±3.7°, to the opening of frontal sinus were 42.9±8.2mm and 70.4°±4.4°, to the opening of the anterior ethmoidal sinus were 44.1 ±7.8mm and 68.3°±6.2° respectively. Conclusion The study is important to the surgery of lateral nasal wall. The angles are useful to the spatially orientation of surgery.