上海口岸首例邮轮大规模诺如病毒感染爆发的实验室快速诊断

Rapid Diagnosis in Detecting the First Norovirus Outbreak on a Cruising Ship at Shanghai Port

〔目的〕总结上海出入境检验检疫局快速确认口岸首例邮轮大规模诺如病毒感染疫情的成功经验,完善口岸公共卫生突发事件应急处置体系的建设。〔方法〕在上海口岸,对发生疫情的邮轮通过检疫查验和流行病学调查明确疫情性质后,通过实验室有针对性的系统检测,对邮轮上发生的群体性急性胃肠炎进行快速诊断,从而实施有效的预防控制措施。〔结果〕通过实验室多种方法检测,确认引发急性胃肠炎的病原体为诺如病毒。〔结论〕对口岸首例邮轮大规模诺如病毒感染疫情的快速准确诊断将为口岸公共卫生突发事件应急体系的建设提供宝贵经验。

Objective To summarize the successful experience of dealing with a norovirus outbreak in a cruise ship at Shanghai, and establish the effective response system to public health emergency at frontier ports. Method Multiple departments were involved in the investigation of an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis （AGE） and a series of means were carried out, including on-spot investigation, epidemiological investigation and laboratory diagnosis. Result Norovirus was detected in the stool and vomitus samples from patients suffered with AGE. Based on the cpidemiological findings, the pathogen of this outbreak was confirmed. Conclusion This rapid diagnosis for detecting the norvirus outbreak is of great values on how to effectively deal with the public health emergency at frontier ports.