村寨歌舞展演的路径选择——元阳县箐口村哈尼族歌舞展演的经济人类学考察

Choice of the Paths to the Singing and Dancing Performance of Villages——Economic Anthropological Review on the Singing and Dancing Performance of Hani Nationality in Qingkou Village of Yuanyang County

基于四年多对元阳县箐口村哈尼族歌舞展演活动的田野观察,本文简要呈现了文艺队的发展历程及存在的问题,认为从日常生活及仪式中抽离出来的"为展演的"歌舞,在现代旅游背景下已经成为民族文化产品。表达原有价值观念的减弱及经济利益诉求的加大是这些歌舞活动意义变化的基本方面。村民最终成为乡村文化产业发展的主体,展演者报酬递增制度的建立及完善是这类艺术获得发展的重要路径。

Based on the field research on the singing and dancing performance of Hani Nationality in Qingkou Village of Yuanyang County for 4 years, the article takes a brief on the developing course and existed problems of performance team, and draws a conclusion that the singing and dancing taken out from the daily life and ceremony has become a product of ethnic culture under the background of modem tourism. Expressing the weakening of inhere value ideal and the increasing of request on the economic benefit are the basic parts of the change on the meaning of the singing and dancing activities. Villagers will turn into the principal part of the development of rural cultural industry finally. The constitution and consummation on the system of reward increase by degrees to the performance members will be an important way to developing such kind of art.