多甫拉托夫的《监狱》和俄罗斯的集中营文学

Dovlatov’s The Zone and Russian Prison-camp Literature

监狱、流放、苦役是俄罗斯民族生活的内在特性，俄罗斯文学史中关于集中营题材的创作具有悠久的传统，更是20世纪俄罗斯文学中一个重要组成部分。本文对以索尔任尼琴、沙拉莫夫、多甫拉托夫等为代表的集中营文学进行了探讨，通过比较分析，凸现多甫拉托夫的《监狱》与其它集中营题材作品的不同之处：描写对象为刑事劳改犯；以看守为叙事视角；形式上具有实验性质；把监狱看成一个国家模型，荒诞世界的一个组成部分等等。

Prison, exile and hard labor are the inherent characteristics of the Russian people. Prison-camp themes have a long tradition in the history of Russian literature and compose an important part in the Russian literature of the 20＇ s century. This thesis explores the prison-camp literature represented by Solzhenitsyn Shalamov and Dovlatov. And it highlights the different features of Dovlatov＇s The Zone from other peison-camp works by comparison. It describes criminal prisoners in the narrative perspective of guarding and there is an experimental nature in its form. It takes prison as a national model and a component of the absurd world.