日本工伤事故瞒报问题的原因及对策分析

Causes for the Cover-up of Occupational Accidents in Japan and Its Countermeasures

从经济全球化引发的雇用形态的变化入手,分析日本工伤事故瞒报问题的原因;针对已有的事故瞒报手法及危害,介绍对其防范、发现和处治的主要措施;通过对比分析中日两国事故瞒报防范工作的特点,提出更有利于事故控制预防、更有效地解决我国工伤事故瞒报问题的重要思路,即:在加大对事故瞒报单位的惩治力度、提高其违法成本的同时,还应建立针对依法报告事故单位的不惩罚机制或制定降低依法报告事故后的被处罚成本方面的规定;在行政责任追究和领导绩效考核时,不仅仅以事故后果或事故多少而是以其在强化安全管理方面"作为"与否为更重要的根据来进行。

Starting from the change of employing patterns caused by economic globalization, the causes for the cover-up of occupational accidents in Japan are analyzed. Main measures to prevent, discover and punish the cover-up of accidents are introduced. According to the contrast analysis of prevention against cover-up between China and Japan, important idea, which is more helpful to prevent and solve the cover- up in China, is put forward, such as establishing the mechanism and regulations of not punishing or reducing punishing the organizations who have legally reported their accidents while intensifying the punishment of the organizations who have made the cover-up of accidents ; and looking into the administrative responsibilities and checking the leaders＂ performance on the basis of the consequence and number of accidents as well as the performance of leaders on safety management.