裂孔性视网膜脱离与眼屈光度的相关性研究

The study on the relationship between ocular refractive status and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

目的探讨眼屈光度与裂孔性视网膜脱离(RRD)、视网膜变性和视网膜干孔发生之间的关系。方法对260例RRD患者的患眼和对侧眼散瞳后进行电脑验光仪验光及眼底三面镜检查。用χ2检验分析眼屈光度与RRD的关系及与视网膜变性、裂孔形态部位的关系。结果随着近视度数的加深,双眼RRD的发生、RRD中视网膜圆孔及对侧眼视网膜变性的发生均升高(均P<0.001);对侧眼干孔发生也升高(P<0.05);伴有近视眼的RRD下方象限视网膜裂孔的发生率高于非近视眼(P<0.05)。结论高度近视是导致视网膜脱离的主要危险因素。单眼RRD的对侧眼,尤其是伴有高度近视RRD的对侧眼是视网膜脱离的高危眼,需注意检查,发现病变要及时处理以防止视网膜脱离的发生。

Objective To study the relations of the ocular refractive status with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment （ RRD）, retinal degeneration and retinal dry hole. Methods The ocular refractive status of the 260 cases （520 eyes） with RRD was detected with the auto-refractmeter, and the ocular fundus was examined with three-mirror contact lens. The chisquare tests were taken to analyze the relationship of the ocular refractive status with the incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, the retinal degeneration and the retinal dry hole. Results With the degree of myopia increasing, the incidence of bilateral RRD, the retinal holes of the RRD eyes and the retinal degenerations of the follow eyes raised significantly （P 〈0. 001 ）, and the incidence of retinal dry holes of the follow eyes also raised （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Among the RRD eyes, the incidence of retinal holes that located the inferior retina in the myopia eyes was higher than that happened in the emmetropic eyes and hypermetropic eyes （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The study reveals that high myopia is the principal risk factor for RRD. It is important to examine the ocular fundus of high myopia patients without RRD and the follow eyes of patients with RRD.