高温钛合金的发展和应用

Development and Application on High-Temperature Ti-Based Alloys

本文介绍了国际上高温钛合金的发展和研究现状,涉及的主要钛合金有:美国的Ti-64,Ti-6246,Ti-1100合金;英国的IMI系列钛合金;俄罗斯的BT8,BT9,BT18,BT36和我国自行研制的Ti-60,Ti-600合金等。讨论了这些合金的化学成分、主要特性及应用情况,总结了高温钛合金的发展方向和一般规律,得出结构:各国发展高温钛合金的方向基本一致,从合金体系来说,Ti-Al-Sn-Zr-Mo-Si系近α钛合金在高温钛合金中占主导地位;Si元素几乎是高温钛合金中必不可少的重要元素;Nb,Y,Ce,Nd等稀土元素可提高合金的抗氧化性能,正得到越来越广泛的应用。

The history and current R＆D situation of the high-temperature Ti-based alloys were reviewed with the focus on Ti-64, Ti-26246, Ti-6242S, Ti- 1100 （USA）, IMI 550, IMI 679, IMI 685, IMI 829, IMI 834 （UK）, BT3-1, BT8, BT9, BT18, BT36 （Russia）, and TC7, TCll, ZTC3, Ti-53311S, Ti- 55, Ti-60, Ti-600 （China）. The chemical composition, properties and application of these alloys were also discussed. The general rules and development trends of those alloys were presented in the conclusion as follows： the design of the alloys was almost the same in different countries, althougll each country had its different focus; Ti-Al-Sn-Zr-Mo-Si alloys still play an important role in the high-temperature Ti-alloys; Si was an indispensable element in the high-temperature Ti alloys, because it could make distinct improvement on strength and anti-creep properties of the alloy; Nb, Y, Ce, Nd or other rare-earth elements could form chemical compounds with high melting point in the alloy to raise oxidation proof performance, which were more widely used in the high-temperature alloys now.