摘要
在黄海和中国的 Bohai 海和朝鲜半岛的西方海岸分布式的 Fenneropenaeus chinensis。不同地理人口代表潜在地不同的基因资源。为了学习，推进不同地理人口的特征，十字在之中二野并且三张 farmed 人口被生产。二张野人口从黄海和 Bohai 海(WYP ) ，和朝鲜半岛的西方海岸和海岸(WKN ) 。三张 farmed 人口在朝鲜(FKN ) 从海岸包括了野虾的第一代的后代，黄海(用汉语的黄海) No.1 (HH1 ) ，和 JK98。这些人口的显型生长和幸存率与相比为生气繁殖证实可行性。身体长度( BL )，甲壳长度( CL )，甲壳宽度( CW )，第二和第三个腹的片断( HST )的高度，第二和第三个腹的片断( WST )的宽度，一些第一个腹的片断( LF )，一些最后腹的片断( LL )，实时身体重量( BW )，和幸存率被测量。不同联合统计上与 ANOVA 和 Duncan 的多重范围测试被执行。结果证明 JK98 (♀
) ×W KN (♂
)的幸存率最高，由 WYP (♀
) ×W KN (♂
)列在后面， FKN (♀
) ×W YP (♂
)， FKN (♀
) ×H H1 (♂
)和 WYP (♀
) ×F KN (♂
)； FKN (♀
) sxHH1 (♂
)的身体重量最高，由 FKN (♀
) ×W YP (♂
)列在后面， WYP (♀
) ×W KN (♂
)， WYP (♀
) ×F KN (♂
)和 JK98 (♀
) ×W KN (♂
)；全部的长度有作为身体重量的一样的评价。在混血儿 JK98 (♀
)× W KN (♂
) 的所有生长特点在所有联合之中是最低的。F1 混血儿在 BL， CL， HST， LL，和 BW 有重要差别(P【0.05 ) ；并且另外的生长特点和幸存率地的不足道的差别(P】0.05 ) 。Duncan 的多重范围测试的结果是 JK98 (♀
)× W KN (♂
) 的 BL 和 CL 与另外的联合显著地不同；与 FKN (♀
)× W YP (♂
) 的联合不同的 HST， FKN (♀
)× H H1 (♂
) 和 WYP (♀
)× W KN (♂
) ；并且与 FKN (♀
)× W YP (♂
) 和 FKN (♀
) 不同的 BW × H H1 (♂
) 。总体上，结果显示 FKN (♀
)× H H1 (♂
) 是所有生长特点地的最好的联合。因此，杂交能介绍变化基于人口。系统的选择节目基于添加剂，基因性能可能比生气繁殖是更有效的。
Fenneropenaeus chinensis distributed in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea of China and the west coast of the Korean Peninsula. Different geographical populations represent potentially different genetic resources. To learn further the characteristics of different geographical population, crosses among two wild and three farmed populations were produced. The two wild populations were from the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea （WYP）, and the west coast of the Korean Peninsula and coast （WKN）. The three farmed populations included the offspring of first generation of wild shrimp from coast in Korea （FKN）, the Huang Hai （the Yellow Sea in Chinese） No.1 （HH1）, and JK98. The phenotypes growth and survival rates of these populations were compared to confirm the feasibility for crossbreeding. The body length （BL）, carapace length （CL）. carapace width （CW）, height of the second and third abdominal segment （HST）, width of the second and third abdominal segment （WST）, length of the first abdominal segment （LF）, length of the last abdominal segment （LL）, live body weight （BW）, and survival rate were measured, Different combinations were statistically performed with ANOVA and Duncan＇s Multiple Range Test. The results show that the survival rate of JK98（♀）×WKN（♂） was the highest, followed by WYP（♀）×WKN（♂）, FKN（♀）×WYP（♂）, FKN（♀）×HHI（♂） and WYP（♀）×FKN（♂）; the body weight of FKN（♀）×HHI（♂） was the highest, followed by FKN（♀）×WYP（♂）, WYP（♀）×WKN（♂）, WYP（♀）×FKN（♂） and JK98（♀）×WKN（♂）; the total length had the same ranking as the body weight. All growth traits in hybrids JK98（♀）×WKN（♂） were the lowest among all combinations. F1 hybrids had significant difference （P〈0.05） in BL, CL, HST, LL, and BW; and insignificant difference （P〉0.05） in other growth traits and survival rate. The results of Duncan＇s Multiple Range Test are that BL and CL of JK98（♀）×WKN（♂） were significantly different from the other combinations; HST different from the combination of FKN（♀）×WYP（♂）, FKN（♀）×HHI（♂） and WYP（♀）×WKN（♂）; and BW different from FKN（♀）×WYP（♂） and FKN（♀）×HHI（♂）. As a whole, the results indicate that the FKN（♀）×HHI（♂） was the best combination in all growth traits. Therefore, hybridization can introduce the variation to base populations. The systematic selection program based on additive genetic performance may be more effective than crossbreeding.
基金
Supported by the cooperation project between the National Fisheries Technical Extension Center of China,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute of China,and Akvaforsk Genetics Center AS of Norway (2006-G55(B))
关键词
中国虾
生存力
种群
杂交
生长性能
Fenneropenaeus chinensis
population
hybridization
growth performance
viability
