标准化粉尘螨滴剂治疗变应性鼻炎的半年期疗效及安全性研究

Efficacy and Safety of Sublingual Immunotherapy with Standardized Dermatophagoides Farinae Drops for Allergic Rhinitis

目的研究标准化粉尘螨滴剂舌下含服免疫治疗,对尘螨过敏变应性鼻炎患者的疗效及安全性。方法73例尘螨过敏为主的变应性鼻炎患者,随机分为舌下含服免疫治疗(sublingua limmunotherapy,SLIT)+药物组及单纯用药组。SLIT+药物组以标准化粉尘螨滴剂舌下含服免疫治疗,辅以对症药物治疗;单纯用药组以糠酸莫米松鼻喷剂及氯雷他定片对症治疗。每月回访1次共随访半年。观察并记录治疗后症状得分、药物评分及不良反应情况。半年后综合评价患者主观症状、用药及治疗满意度情况。结果SLIT+药物组与单纯用药组相比,其半年后症状得分、药物评分改善情况均明显高于单纯用药组。患者主观评价症状、用药及治疗满意度亦明显高于单纯用药组。同时,SLIT+药物组有部分患者出现了一定程度的不良事件。结论标准化粉尘螨滴剂舌下含服免疫治疗对尘螨过敏变应性鼻炎患者症状得分及药物评分改善极为显著,但对治疗中的不良反应应给予充分关注。SLIT长期疗效及不良反应情况尚需进一步观察。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sublingual immunotherapy （SLIT） with standardized Dermatophagoides farinae （Df） drops for allergic rhinitis （AR） sensitive to house dust mites （HDM）. Methods Seventy-three AR pa tients sensitive to Df were randomly allocated to receive either SLIT＋ medicine （SLIT＋ medicine group, n=40） or medical treatment （control group, n=33）. Symptom and medication scores were assessed to evaluate the clinical efficacy. Side effects were registered. Objective judgments of the total improvements of symptoms, medication and satisfaction were made by the patients half a year after treatment. Results The daily symptom and medication scores in SLIT＋medicine group were significantly lower than in medical treatment group （P〈0.01）. The total objective judgments of the symptoms, medication improvements and satisfaction in SLIT ＋medicine group were much better than in control group. Some local and systemic reactions were found in the SLIT＋medicine group. Conclusion SLIT with standardized Df drops is effective to treat AR patients sensitive to Dr. Enough attention should be paid to the adverse reactions during treatment.