工业废弃地再开发的可持续性评价方法回顾

A review of sustainability assessment for derelict land redevelopment

可持续发展取得共识后,可持续性评价工具大量出现,工业废弃地再开发中也广泛应用。根据对可持续性理解的不同,工业废弃地再开发的可持续性评价方法可以分为目标驱动型和过程驱动型两大类型:目标驱动型往往扩展为"目标-指标评价法",而且根据目标的差异,可以分为单项和综合方法,后者可分为制度性和参与性框架,参与性框架又可以分为自上而下型和自下而上型;过程驱动型包括SEA驱动型和EIA驱动型,前者往往与相关的土地规划有关,后者通常以项目为基础。总之,工业废弃地再开发可持续性评价方法的演进与其基础理论演变和社会变化有密切关系,一方面日益与开发和决策过程相结合,另一方面也更加关注公共参与。借鉴各国工业废弃地可持续再开发的经验,把握可持续性评价的发展趋势,将促进我国城市土地资源的可持续利用,有利于构建"资源集约型"、"环境友好型"的循环型社会。

After the concept of sustainable development is widely achieved recognition, a lot of sustainability assessment tools were applied to many fields that include derelict land redevelopment. With different understandings about sustainability, the methods of sustainability assessment are divided into target-driven and process-driven. The target-driven method is often expanded as target-indicators framework, while it is divided into single and complex categories based on the differences of targets. The latter can be separated as the institutional and participatory frameworks. The participatory framework includes the top-down and bottom-up models. On the other side, the process-driven method includes SEA-driven and EIA-driven models. The former is usually related with land use planning whereas the latter is often based on projects. In conclusion, the evolution of sustainability assessment methods for derelict land redevelopment is highly related with their academic bases and social changes. These methods are not only integrated with the process of redevelopment and decision-makings, but also focus the public participations. Learning from the success of derelict land redevelopment on other countries, and understanding the trends of sustainability assessment for derelict land redevelopment, will facilitate sustainable urban land use in China, and help us to build our circular society with resource-intensive and environment-friendly characteristics.