塑料废弃物污染的综合治理研究进展

Development of comprehensive treatment of the waste plastics pollution

近年来,随着经济的发展,废旧塑料大幅增加,塑料废弃物所造成污染已经成为了破坏环境的主要因素之一。塑料废弃物污染即所谓的白色污染,主要是由废旧塑料高分子的不可降解性和添加剂的毒害性引起的。文章在对白色污染产生的背景及其污染危害的基础上,讨论了治理白色污染的治理的两个方面,一方面对可降解塑料和对废旧塑料的回收再生两个主要的技术研究开发方向进行了综述和展望,详细介绍了光降解塑料、光-生物双降解塑料和生物降解塑料的研发进展,并对填埋、焚烧和再生三种塑料废弃物的处理方法进行了详细的分析;另一方面就立足循环经济理论,加强政策法规的运用,同时加强宣传教育等方面的问题进行了讨论,并提出了相应的对策。

Nowadays, the rapid growth of waste plastics with the development of economy was becoming one of the main factors that pollute the environment. Waste plastics pollution, the so-called ＂white pollution＂, was caused by the undegradability and toxicity of additives. Great efforts were exerted into resolving the white pollution by a lot of countries and much progress had been made. This article mainly reviewed the advances on research of degradable plastic and reuse of waste plastics. The advances of researches on photodegradable plastics, photo-biodegradable plastics and biodegradable plastics were also reviewed, and three main methods i.e land fill disposal, combustion, and regeneration to deal with the waste plastics were discussed. In addition, policy, publicity and education on the waste plastics pollution were also introduced and analyzed.