城市区域大气环境与各天气状况下的辐射特征

ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF RADIATION IN THE POLLUTED ATMOSPHERE UNDER DIFFERENT WEATHER CONDITIONS IN THE REGION OF KUNMING CITY

以低纬高原城市昆明为研究对象，分析了各种天气状况下城市内、外不同波长辐射的分布特征、变化规律及其差异，得出（１）造成城内外差异的主要原因午前是大气污染状况，而在污染程度较小的午后，则是天气状况；（２）各波长辐射日总量对午前总量的分配率受大气环境和天气状况的影响，城内外差异十分显著；（３）红外和紫外辐射的百分率值均大于大气上界的百分率值，而可见光则反之；各辐射百分率城内外差值午前午后显相反分布。以上结果可为探讨城市及大气环境对太阳辐射的影响以及城市建筑的规划、设计，环境污染防治提供依据。并可为其它地区的同类研究提供参考。

The characteristics,the variations and the differences of radiation of different wavelength in the urban and the rural districts are studied with the observational data in Kunming,a city of low latitude and high altitude.The main results are that:(1)The main cause of difference between the urban and the rural is the atmospheric pollution in the morning,and is the weather condition in the afternoon.(2)The distributive ratios of the morning total to the daily total differ markedly between the urban and the rural because of the different atmospheric pollution and weather condition.(3)The percentage of the infrared and ultraviolet radiation to global radiation is larger than that above the atmospheric boundary layer,while the percentage of the visible radiation is less.In the different weather conditions,the percentages in the urban and the rural are different.The results mentioned above can supply a scientific basis to the study of the effects of city and atmospheric environment on radiation,the urban program and architectural design and the prevention of environmental pollution.The findings can also be used as a reference for studying the urban climate in other regions. 