三峡库区边际土地的合理开发及其可持续发展

Research on Exploitation and Sustainable Development Countermeasureof Marginal Lands in the Three Gorge Reservoir Areas

就三峡库区边际土地的分布及其利用情况、合理开发的方式及其生产潜力、边际土地的可持续发展３个方面进行了初步的探讨．提出了三峡库区现已开发的边际土地存在的诸如地力逐年衰退、耕地生产力低、自然灾害频发及生态环境恶化等问题，建议采取禁止在大于２５°坡地上进行农业耕作，恢复大于２５°坡地上的植被；加强农田基本建设，建立高产、稳产粮食生产基地；扩大经济林经营面积，建立木本粮油生产基地；合理调整库区林、农、牧、渔发展结构，建立结构合理、功能最佳的林、农、牧、渔立体经营模式；建立三峡库区防护林体系，合理开发利用库湾资源等措施．以保证三峡库区边际土地的可持续发展．

This paper studied marginal land distribution and utilization status,reasonable exploitation ways and potential productivity,and marginal lands sustainable development in the Three Gorge Reservoir Areas.It has been pointed that problems of soil fertility degradation,poor productivity in crop land,natural disasters and environmental deterioration existed in all the exploited marginal lands.In order to maintain the sustainability of the marginal lands,following measure have been proposed:prohibiting cultivation in the crop land with a slope more than 25°,restoring vegetation in the slope more than 25°,strengthening the basic agricultural construction,establishing the production base of woody feeds and oils,establishing a miltidimensional management model with reasonable structure and optimum function for forestry,agriculture and fishing.