论马克思按劳分配的层次性及实现途径

Thoughts of the Distribution according to the Labor

在对前人研究进行归纳基础上分析了按劳动力价值分配与按劳分配的内涵,并提出按劳动力价值分配是宏观经济运行层次的分配规律,应纳入按要素分配的范畴,是劳动力要素与其他生产要素结合共同进行生产活动时获得补偿与积累的规律;按劳分配是对具体劳动力的补偿标准,属于按要素贡献率分配的范围,是微观经济活动层次内的一种分配规则。在此基础上对按劳分配实施过程中衡量有效劳动的标准以及按劳分配、按劳动力价值分配及与按要素分配的关系进行了论述。

Based on previous studies, the paper analyzes the real meaning of the distribution according to the labor and the distribution according to work, and then puts forward that the distribution according to the labor is a distribution rule being operated in macro - economy. It belongs to the category of distribution according to the essential factors, therefore it is a combination of labor factors and other production factors, and a rule of compensation and accumulation gained during their production activities; distribution according to labor which belongs to the category of the distribution according to the proportion of factor contribution is a standard of compensation for labors and also a distribution rule in the micro - economy, based on which this article analyzes the standard of effective labor during the implement of the distribution according to work and the relationship between the distribution according to word, the distribution according to labor value and the distribution according the essential factors.