不同草皮缓冲带对径流污染物的去除效果试验研究

Removal of Runoff Pollution by Different Grass-buffers

选择上海地区常见的5种草皮植被,利用自行设计的试验装置构建草皮缓冲带,模拟上海地区农业面源污染和降雨特征,进行缓冲带污染物净化效果试验研究。结果表明,草皮的存在明显提高缓冲带对污染物的净化效果,并且能增强缓冲带土壤的渗透能力;百慕大缓冲带对径流SS的截留能力最强,平均去除率达到71.86%;草皮缓冲带对渗流水营养物质的净化效果明显高于径流,渗流水TN、TP平均去除率以白花三叶草最高,分别为58.27%和60.49%;综合考虑降雨特征和污染物净化效果等因素,百慕大、白花三叶草和高羊茅等3种草皮,可以作为上海地区缓冲带草皮植被的优先选择种类。

Five local grasses in Shanghai were selected and the designed test trays were adopted to construct buffer strips for simulation of. agriculture non-point and rainfall characteristics in Shanghai. Results showed that grass can enhance the pollutant purifying effect and penetrating power of buffer strips, with SS removal efficiency as the highest as 71.86% for buffer strip with planted Cynodon dactylon. Nutrition purifying effect of seepage was obviously higher than runoff for buffer strip, with TN and TP removal efficiency as the highest as 58.27% and 60.49% for buffer strips with planted Trifolium repens. Comprehensive consideration of purifying effect and rainfall characteristics, Cynodon dactylon, Trifolium repens and Festuca Arundinacea could be as the priority grass types for buffers in Shanghai.