利用揉面特性鉴定小麦1BL／1RS易位系

Identification of 1BL/1RS Translocation Based on Mixograph Parameters in Common Wheat

1BL/1RS易位系曾广泛用于小麦农艺性状改良,但对加工品质有明显的负面影响。利用404份F5至F8高代品系(试验I)和175份山东省主栽品种及高代品系(试验II),研究1BL/1RS易位对小麦揉面参数的影响,分析不同高低分子量蛋白亚基(HWM/LWM-GS)背景下1BL/1RS的揉面特性,探讨利用揉面特性鉴定1BL/1RS易位系的方法。结果表明,1BL/1RS易位系的揉面时间、峰值带宽及峰后1 min带宽显著低于非1BL/1RS易位系,而衰落角和带宽比(峰值带宽/峰后1 min带宽)显著高于非1BL/1RS易位系,说明1BL/1RS易位导致小麦的揉面特性显著变劣。易位系的揉面谱带的主要特征为峰后1 min谱带急剧衰落并变窄,带宽比显著增大,而非1BL/1RS易位系的峰后谱带衰落、变窄平缓或者稳定时间较长,带宽比较小。带宽比1.6可作为判断易位系的有效指标,即大于或等于1.6为1BL/1RS易位系,小于1.6为非1BL/1RS易位系,准确率达85.2%(试验I)和96.8%(试验II)。尽管优质HWM-GS背景对Glu-B3j(1BL/1RS易位系)的揉面特性有一定正向补偿作用,但品质特性仍显著劣于其他Glu-B3位点,带宽比表现尤为突出。因此,揉面特性不仅能测定育种材料的面团流变学特性,而且还能有效鉴别1BL/1RS易位系。

1BL/1RS translocation has been widely used for improving agronomic performance and disease resistance in wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, however, it has strong negative effect on processing quality. To develop a method for 1BL/1RS translocation identification with mixograph parameters, 404 advanced lines from 146 crosses in 2005-2006 （experiment Ⅰ） and 175 advanced lines and main cultivars of Shandong province （experiment Ⅱ） in 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 cropping seasons were used in this study. All materials were sown under irrigation condition in a randomized complete design with 1 replication in Jinan. The genetic effect of 1BL/1RS translocation on mixograph parameters was investigated. The variations of mixograph parameters under different combinations of the high molecular weight glutenin subunits （HMW-GS） and low molecular weight glutenin subunits （LMW-GS） were also analyzed. 1BL/1RS translocafion lines showed significantly shorter mixing time, less bandwidth of peak and bandwidth after 1 min peak, and higher angle of descent and the bandwidth ratio （the ratio of bandwidth of peak/bandwidth after 1 min peak） in comparison with non-IBL/1RS translocation lines. It indicated that the 1BL/1RS translocation has deleterious effects on mixograph parameters. Mixograph of the 1BL/1RS translocation was characterized with the bandwidth sharply declining and narrowing after 1 min peak, and increasing the bandwidth ratio, whereas the bandwidth of non-IBL/1RS translocations declined gently after 1 min peak or had a longer mixing tolerance, and had a little variation about the bandwidth ratio. Furthermore, 85.2% （experiment Ⅰ） and 96.8% （experiment Ⅱ） accuracies were achieved in grouping the 1BL/1RS translocation and non-IBL/1RS translocation on the basis of the band width ratio, i.e., 1BL/1RS translocation line had a value more than or equal to 1.6, and non-1BL/1RS translocation line had a value smaller than 1.6. Although the Glu-B3 alleles showed better quality parameters when HMW-GS 5＋10 was presented, it was still the most unfavorable allele on mixograph parameters among all Glu-B3 al- leles. Therefore, mixograph parameters could be used to determine the theological properties and the presence of 1BL/1RS translocation.