四川部分晾晒烟种质遗传关系的SRAP分析

Genetic Analysis of Sichuan Sun-Cured Tobacco Germplasm by SRAP

对25份四川地方性晾晒烟材料、1份黄花烟和1份普通烤烟材料进行了SRAP分析。共检测到3368条扩增带，其中特异性条带为998条，平均多态检出率为29．6％。27个应试材料间遗传相似系数在0．26-0．97间，平均为0．62，表现出明显的遗传差异；其中黄花烟、烤烟和晾晒烟3个栽培类型间遗传相似系数为0．38-0．78；在25份晾晒烟品种间遗传相似性较高为0．75～0．97，显示出种内的遗传基础相对比较狭窄，但苍龙毛烟与其他供试材料有较大的遗传差异。经聚类分析，可将黄花烟、烤烟和晾晒烟品种划分为3个栽培类别，反映出栽培类型间的遗传差异；进一步将25份晾晒烟材料分为3个亚类和2个单一品种的个类；但按传统方法命名的多个毛烟品种和柳烟品种未被明显地分别聚为两类。SRAP标记技术能高效揭示亲缘关系很近的晾晒烟种质资源的遗传背景和亲缘关系。

SRAP was used to analyze genetic relationships of 25 sun-cured tobacco varieties, one Nicotiana rustica variety, and one flue-cured tobacco variety collected from Sichuan province. PCR products were detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （PAGE）. A total of 3 368 DNA fragments were obtained, 998 of them were specific bands （polymorphic ratio was 29.6%）, the average number of amplified DNA bands was 40 per primer. Genetic similarity ranged from 0.26 to 0.97 for all varieties, from 0.38 to 0.78 between Nicotiana rustica varieties, flue-cured tobacco varieties and sun-cured tobacco varieties, and from 0.75 to 0.97 among 25 sun-cured tobacco varieties. Cluster analysis was carried out with unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean （UPGMA）. The results showed that all 27 varieties could be clustered into three groups, which revealed the genetic diversity among three cultivar-type tobacco germplasms. Furthermore, 25 sun-cured tobacco varieties could be classified into three subgroups and two single varieties. Maoyan and Liuyan were two traditional famous groups of Sichuan sun-cured tobacco species. However, Maoyan and Liuyan varieties named by traditional method were not obviously grouped into two types. All results indicated that SRAP analysis may be used to reveal the genetic relationships among sun-cured tobacco varieties, providing a scientific basis for tobacco genetic research and breeding.