简易水培蔬菜技术的研究

Study on Simple Technology of Hydroponics Vegetable

[目的]探索一种更加简便、实用、易于推广的水培蔬菜栽培模式。[方法]以香港玻璃生菜和绿领花红苋菜为试材,采用盆栽试验研究不同幼苗支撑物、营养液、液态肥、供氧方式对蔬菜生长的影响。[结果]用疏松海绵下铺有机基质进行育苗时,蔬菜幼苗根系发白,叶色嫩绿,生长较好;幼苗定植后的营养液配方为50 L简易配方营养液+Ca(NO3).4H2O27.6 g+尿素13.5 g+硫酸钾69.7 g+MgSO4.7H2O8.8 g/m3+EDTA-Fe 0.8 g+H3PO411.2 ml+商品微肥(用量参考说明书)时,蔬菜地上部鲜重、根长和Vc含量最大,分别达到2.8 kg、42 cm和53 mg/kg;喷施铁肥后,蔬菜叶片转绿效果较好。2种供氧方式下,蔬菜幼苗生长无显著差异。[结论]找到了一种简便、实用、易于操作的水培蔬菜栽培方法。

[Objective] The study was to explore a kind of cultural model of hydroponic vegetable with more simple and practical feature and easy extension.[Method] In the pot cultural experiment,with Hong Kong Glass Lettuce and Lvlinghua amaranth as tested materials,the effect of different sustainer for seedling,nutrient solution,trace fertilizer and oxygen supply mode on the vegetable growth was studied.[Result] When the organ under the loosen sponge was used for seeding,the root of vegetable seedling grown well with white root and green leaf.After seedling were planted in field,when the formula of nutrient solution was 50 L simple formula nutrient solution＋Ca（NO3）·4H2O 27.6 g＋urea 13.5 g＋K2SO4 69.7 g＋MgSO4·7H2O 8.8 g/m3＋EDTA-Fe 0.8 g＋H3PO4 11.2 ml,the fresh weight above-ground,root length and Vc content was the biggest,being 2.8 kg,42 cm and 53 mg/kg resp.After spraying the iron fertilizer,the effect of vegetable leaf was better in turning green.Under 2 kinds of oxygen supply modes,the growth of vegetable seedling had no significant difference.[Conclusion] One kind of cultural method of hydroponic vegetable with simple and practical feature and easy extension was found.