仙鹤步甲的生物学研究

Research on the Bionomics of C. (A.) xianhensis Deuve et Tian

[目的]研究仙鹤步甲各虫态的主要生物学特性。[方法]从仙鹤坪保护区采集成虫进行饲养,同时在仙鹤坪保护区进行野外调查。[结果]在贵州黔西南地区,仙鹤步甲1年发生1代,以成虫在土中越冬。成虫4月下旬至10月中旬发生,6月中旬开始产卵,每次产5～10粒,单雌一年产卵总数50～300粒,平均160粒,卵散产在2～3 cm的土壤下,卵历期一般4～6 d;幼虫共3龄,各龄历期分别为6～10、8～12、6～8 d,幼虫历期一般20～30 d,长的达60 d;平均气温28℃下,蛹历期18～29 d;成虫、幼虫多以蜗牛、蚯蚓和鳞翅目幼虫为食。[结论]为仙鹤步甲的人工饲养、繁殖及应用提供了理论依据。

[Objective] The biological characteristics of C.（A.） xianhensis Deuve et Tian in the different stages was researched.[Method] The adult collected from the Conservation Zone of Xianheping in Guizhou was raised and the survey outside in the Zone was carried out.[Results] In the southwestern Guizhou the insect grew for one generation per year and the adult was over-wintering in the soil. The adult occurred from the late of April to the middle of October.In the middle of June it started its egg-laying with 5-10 eggs per time.A single female laid for total 50-300 eggs（the average 160 eggs/adult） and the eggs were scattered in 2-3 cm soil.The duration of egg-laying was for 4-6 days in general;the larvae lasted 3 age periods with the duration of 6-10,8-12 and 6-8 days respectively,and total larval duration was generally 20-30 days（the longest time was 60 days）.In mean temperature of 28 ℃,the pupa duration was 18-29 days.[Conclusion] The theoretical basis for artificially raising and multiplication of the insect was provided based on the investigation.