秸秆资源化制取生物絮凝剂

Reclamation and Utilization of Straw as Bioflocculant

目的探讨不同预处理的方法,找到合适的预处理条件,利用秸秆制取生物絮凝剂.方法采用不同质量分数的酸碱进行秸秆预处理试验,在此基础上采用两段式发酵方法制取生物絮凝剂.结果碱液预处理后粗纤维素含量明显增加,而酸处理后粗纤维素含量增幅很小.碱液质量分数越高越有利于提高粗纤维素含量,高温加热处理也可提高粗纤维素含量;碱液处理后稻草降解率最高可达72.47%,而酸液处理后稻草降解率最高可达44.06%;0.5%稀碱处理后的稻草降解率要高于1%碱处理后的稻草.结论从微生物利用难易程度和实际生产的角度考虑,预处理用0.5%碱来实现是较好的选择,采用此预处理方法制取的生物絮凝剂絮凝率可达到90%以上.预处理是秸秆降解的关键技术条件,秸秆经过有效地预处理后,可以作为廉价原料生产絮凝剂.

To obtain an optimal pretreatment condition for the preparation of bioflocculant from straw, different pretreatment methods were investigated. Different mass percents of acid and alkali were adopted for the pretreatment. Then, the bioflocculant was produced through two - stage fermentation technique. The rough cellulose increased distinctly after alkali treatment, while increased just a little after acid treatment. Heating at high temperature could also enhance the quantity of rough cellulose. The degradation rate of straw could reach up to 72.47 % after alkali treatment, while that after acid treatment was 44.06%. In addition, the degradation rate of straw treated by using 0.5% diluted alkali was higher than using 1% diluted alkali. When the microorganisms＂ availability and the manufacturing were taken into account, pretreatment by using 0.5 % diluted alkali was preferable. The bioflocculant rate was up to 90% or more by means of 0.5% diluted alkali pretreatment. Pretreatment was significant for the degradation of straw. After efficient pretreatment, straw could become cheap material for the production of bioflocculant.