刍议国际非政府组织国际政治参与的研究范式

On the Paradigms in the Research of International NGOs' Participation in World Politics

近年来,对国际非政府组织国际政治参与的研究出现了跨学科、多元化的取向。依照其理论建构原则和内在框架,大部分研究可归为三种主要的研究范式:多元主义、跨国主义和集体行动。多元主义范式强调国际非政府组织的游说,跨国主义强调直接的平行参与,集体行动则强调体制外的社会运动。它们在弥补传统国际理论不足的同时,在理论适用性、框架及其价值观等方面也存在着诸多值得进一步商榷的问题。

The research of international NGO＇s participation in world politics tends to be interdisciplinary and multidimensional in recent years. Based on the constructive principle and inner frame of the theories, the researches can be categorized in three main paradigms： pluralism, transnationalism and collective social action. In pluralist paradigm, INGOs are pressure groups representing their interests through lobbying. In transnationalism paradigm, INGOs participate in the entire policy-making process indirectly. Collective social action paradigm emphasizes the social movement outside the political system. They notice the limitation of the traditional international political theories. But there are some problems in their applicability, frame and value views.