抗战时期重庆民众对日军轰炸的意识演变——以1938-1943年《国民公报》等报刊为主体的考察

Chongqing People's Changing Attitudes Towards the Japanese Severe Bombing During the Anti-Japanese War——A Case Study of Reports from 1938-1943 People's Public Newspaper and others

1938年2月日机开始对重庆实施轰炸之初,虽然引起了重庆民众的惶恐不安,但由于盲目迷信观念和侥幸心理作祟,在对待政府所倡导消极防空最善之法——疏散人口上,市民遵从政府的劝导者不多,而徘徊观望者众。经过1939年5月至1941年9月间的狂轰滥炸后,民众的反应仍然呈现出两种截然不同的倾向,一为镇静有序、遵命而行;一为听天由命、罔顾政令。至1941年10月后,随着日机对重庆轰炸次数的逐渐减少,重庆民众对于轰炸之惨状,似乎也随时间的流逝而逐渐淡忘,重新回到关心自己当下的、琐碎的、现实利益的生活轨道,对防空等战时公共事务不再多加关注。

Few people in Chong Qing accepted the avocation from the government that the passive air defense was the best choice and many more people were waiting and seeing as a result of the blind superstitious beliefs and dependence on sheer luck at beginning of the Japanese sever bombing of Chong Qing, which, though, caused the big alarm among the common people in Chong Qing. There were two sharply different reactions to the wanton and indiscriminate bombing between May, 1939 and September, 1941. One is calmness, and the orderly obedience to the directions. The other is submitting to the will of Heaven and paying no attention to the orders. The common people in Chong Qing seemed to have forgotten the miserable condition as time went by with the decrease of bombing after October, 1941, and they began to get back into the trivial actual life and didn＇t care much about the public affairs any more.