香榧的生态习性及其适生条件

Ecological Characteristics of Torreya grandis 'Merrillii' and Its Suitable Site Conditions

为了解和掌握香榧的生态习性和适生条件,对榧树重点分布区和香榧分布区的自然生态条件进行了研究。结果表明:香榧的生态习性与榧树相一致,适生气候条件为年平均气温14.5~17.5℃、年降雨量1000~1700 mm、年绝对最低温度-8^-15℃、年有效积温3500(中山丘陵地)~6 000℃(中亚带南缘);香榧喜地形起伏,但相对高差不大的立地;香榧对地质环境和土壤适应性范围较宽,但生长结果和种子品质良好的宜林地应是海拔200 m以上,土层厚度50 cm以上,疏松肥沃,氮、磷在中等水平以上,含钾量丰富,pH值5.2~6.8。

In order to get the ecological characteristics of Torreya grandis ‘ Merrillii＇ and its suitable site conditions to improve its cultivation, the natural ecological conditions in the areas where the T. grandis‘ Merrillii＇ was mainly distributed were investigated for five years. The results showed that the same as those of Torreya, the average temperature, the annual rainfall, the absolute low temperature and the annual accumulated temperature 〉≥ 10℃ for T. grandis ‘ Merrillii＇ was 14.5 17.5℃, 1 000 - 1 700 mm, - 15 - - 8℃ and 3 500 - 6 000℃, respectively. T. grandis‘ Merrillii＇ was adaptive to the slightly undulating sites and was not sensitive to the geological environment and the soil conditions. However for the production of fruits and seeds of T. grandis‘ Merrillii＇ , good site conditions were needed, in which the altitudes should be over 200 m, the soil depth should be over 50 cm with acid to neutral and abundant of nitrogen, phosphor and potassium.