假眼小绿叶蝉卵及卵寄生蜂缨小蜂形态观察和寄生率考评

Investigation on morphology of eggs of tea green leafhoppers and morphology and parasitic percentages of mymarids parasitizing the leafhopper eggs

20世纪50年代以来假眼小绿叶蝉成为我国大陆茶园首要害虫，近年在浙苏皖茶区发现叶蝉三棒缨小蜂Stethynium empoascae Subba Rao和微小裂骨缨小蜂Schizophragma parvula Ogloblin寄生叶蝉卵。拍摄并描述叶蝉卵及其孵化前的形态，以及2种缨小蜂蛹、雌雄隐成蜂和雌雄成蜂形态特征。秋季于叶蝉虫口高峰期调查龙井茶原产地10个典型茶园环境中叶蝉卵的寄生率，尽管丰产类型的茶园叶蝉密度较高，但9月份的寄生率达50％～75％，其他叶蝉密度较低的茶园中寄生率也为16％-48％；10月份，这10块茶园的卵寄生率又有增加；叶蝉三棒缨小蜂为优势种。还发现这2种缨小蜂种群对叶蝉种群呈现跟随效应。认为这2种缨小蜂是叶蝉种群重要的自然控制因子。

Since the fifties of the 20th century, the tea green leafhopper, Empoasca vitis Gothe, has been evolved as the most serious insect pest in the mainland tea gardens of China. However, during the past few years, it has been found that Stethynium empoascae Subba Rao and Schizophragma parvula Ogloblin parasitize the eggs of tea green leafhopper. The photomicrographs for the characteristics of the leafhopper eggs and their changes in hatching stage, and for the characteristics of pupae, concealed female and male adults, and the female and male adults of two species of mymarids are given with correlative description. The egg parasitic percentages from ten typical tea garden environments in Longjing tea provenance within the leafhopper population peaks in autumn have been surveyed. The results have showed though the leafhopper population densities in the fertility tea gardens are high, the combining parasitic percentages of both mymarids amount to 50% -75 % in September; at the same time, the parasitic percentages in other tea gardens with lower density of leafhoppers range from 16% to 48%. Moreover, the parasitic percentages in the ten tea gardens have risen a little in October, and Stethynium empoascae is the dominant species. It is also detected that two species of mymarids follow the leafhopper population obviously. We think the mymarids are the important novel natural control agents for the leafhopper.