小麦RILs群体籽粒灌浆与粒形、粒重的关系

Relationship between grain filling and kernel size,weight in RILs of wheat

分别以豫麦8679／和尚麦及京411／红芒春21为亲本构建2个重组自交系群体（简称群体l和群体2），研究2个群体籽粒大小、籽粒密度、灌浆与千粒重的关系。结果表明，2个群体中粒长、粒宽、粒厚、籽粒密度与千粒重均呈极显著的正相关。其中粒长与千粒重的相关性最好，在群体1中为0．732^＊＊，群体2为0．936^＊＊。其次是粒宽和粒厚，说明本研究中粒重主要决定于籽粒大小。籽粒密度也与千粒重呈极显著正相关（群体1为0．503^＊＊；群体2为0．264^＊＊），但相关性较粒长、粒宽低。群体1籽粒灌浆过程中，其鲜重／干重的平均增重速率与粒长（0．484^＊＊／0．578^＊＊）、粒宽（0．352^＊＊／0．428^＊＊）、粒厚（0．373^＊＊／0．402^＊＊）、密度（0．344^＊＊／0．358^＊＊）、千粒重（0．500^＊＊／0．642^＊＊）都具有较好的相关性。花后10-15d籽粒鲜重／干重增重速率与粒长、千粒重存在显著相关性（0．373^＊＊／0．280^＊＊，0．435^＊＊／0．328^＊＊）；花后25～30d籽粒干重的增重速率与粒长、粒厚、籽粒密度及千粒重也呈显著或极显著正相关。说明籽粒发育过程中，干、鲜重的平均增重速率与粒形、粒重密切相关。

Two recombined inbred lines （RILs） from the crosses of Yumai8679/Heshangrnai （RIL1） and Jing411/Hongmangchun21 （RIL2） were used to study the relationship between kernel size,kernel density, filling and thousand kernel weight （TKW）. The results indicated that kernel length, breadth,thickness,density had positive significant correlations with TKW in the two RILs. The significant correlation （ P 〈 0.01 ） was occurred between kernel length and TKW in RILl （0. 732^＊＊） and RIL2 （0. 936^＊＊）. These showed kernel weight was mainly controlled by kernel size. In our study, kernel density also had a significant correlation with TKW in RILl （0. 503^＊＊） and RIL2 （0. 264 ^＊＊）. During grain filling of RILl ,the mean increase rate of kernel fresh/dry weight showed a positive correlation with kernel length （ 0. 484^＊＊/0. 578 ^＊＊ ）, breadth （ 0. 352 ^＊＊/0. 428 ^＊＊ ）, thickness （ 0. 373 ^＊＊/ 0. 402^＊＊） ,density （0. 344^＊＊/0. 358^＊＊） and TKW （0. 500 ^＊＊/0. 642^ ＊＊）. Increase rate of dry weight at 10 - 15 days after anthesis （DAA） and 25 - 30 DAA had a significant positive correlation with kernel length, density and TKW. These results can prove the close relationship between mean increase rate of fresh/dry weight and kernel size and weight in the development of grain filling.