空间目标可见光特性与探测距离估算

Visible Characteristics and Calculation of Detecting Distance for Space Target

在空间目标可见光探测系统中,对探测能力的分析和评估是进行可见光相机设计的前提之一。分析了天基空间目标可见光反射特性和探测背景,并进行了探测噪声分析,又从辐射学角度导出了空间目标可见光反射体探测距离估算方程,结合实例求解了最大探测距离。当目标充满可见光相机的瞬时视场时,相机获取的目标信息与距离无关,而与本身的瞬时视场有关。最后通过采用积分球模拟反射体测试辐照度,反求系统信噪比,间接验证了可见光相机对空间目标的探测能力。

In visible detecting system based on space targets, the analysis and estimation to the detecting ability is one of premises of the camera design. The reflected characteristic of the sun for space targets, detecting background and detecting noises are analyzed. Based on the theory of radiation, visible operating distance equation for space target is established. According to a practical example maximal operating distance is solved. As a target fills with instantaneous visual area, receiving signal of the visible camera has no relation to distance and has relation to self instantaneous visual area. By adopting integrated-sphere to simulate sun reflector, radiant emittance measurement and signal-to-noise ratio calculation is finished, which proves indirectly visible camera detecting ability to space targets.