大城市交通供需矛盾及发展对策——以南京为例

IMBALANCED TRANSPORT DEMAND-SUPPLY AND MEASURES IN METROPOLITAN AREAS OF CHINA:A CASE STUDY OF NANJING

通过分析南京城市道路交通设施供给与需求的发展,认为造成交通拥堵的根本症结是交通供需间的不平衡。处于高速城市化过程中的大城市交通供需不平衡主要原因是供需总量上的不平衡,而供需在时空上的不匹配和道路利用效率低下只是次要原因,因此,当前首要任务是扩大交通设施供给,同时减少交通需求在空间上的过度集中。城市空间发展应采取适度分散化模式,交通规划指导思想应从提高机动车的机动性转向提高绿色交通方式的空间可达性。最后指出,在我国现行的土地制度下,该发展对策是能够通过政府的规划行为实现的。

By analyzing the demand and supply of transport system in Nanjing, this paper argues that the primary reason for the traffic congestion is the quantity imbalance between the demand and supply of urban transport, the secondary reason is the spatial-temporal dismatch of demand and supply as well as the inefficient use of road system. So expanding the supply of transport facilities and reducing the concentration of transport demands are the top priorities. The spatial development strategy of city should be moderately dispersed. The transport planning should be guided by the principle of improving the physical accessbility instead of increasing the motorization. Then it presents that under the current land institution the strategy could be implemenated by planning.